Fig. 3. A schematic of the modified Whittaker plot. After setting up the largest plot of 1,000 m
2, one 100 m
2 plot is installed at the center, and along the lines of the plot, two 10 m
2 plots and ten 1 m
2 plots are installed (
Stohlgren et al. 1995). In the original modified Whittaker plot, the 1 m
2 plots were supposed to be installed in a 0.5 m × 2 m rectangular shape, but for convenience during fieldwork, we modified into a 1 m × 1 m square.