Long-term monitoring infrastructure at or near the Great Western Woodlands TERN SuperSite flux towera
Measure | Measurement details | Period of measurement |
---|---|---|
Continuous to 30 min | ||
Bioacoustics | 1. 2 SM2+ Songmeters from Wildlife Acoustics, Inc. installed at two locations (recordings for 6 hours around sunrise and sunset daily) 2. 4 Bioacoustic recorders (Frontier Labs) installed in pairs (close and distant to waterway) (recording constantly) |
1. 2012–2020 2. 2020–present |
Flux instruments | 1. Open-path gas analyser (Licor 7500A/RS @36 m) 2. 3D sonic anemometer (CSA CSAT3B @36 m) |
2012–present |
Weather data | 1. Wind direction (WINDSONIC4 @36 m) 2. Temperature and humidity (Vaisala HMP155 @3 m and 36 m) 3. Upwelling and downwelling longwave and shortwave radiation (Kipp and Zonen CNR4 @36 m) 4. Net radiation (Kipp and Zonen NR Lite 2 @36 m) 5. Rainfall (RIMCO RIM-7499-BOM) |
2012–present |
Soil heat flux | Three heat flux plates (Hukseflux HFP01) Two averaging soil thermocouple probes (CSA TCAV) |
2012–present |
Soil moisture and temperature | 1. Soil moisture in two pits at 5, 10, 20, 30, 50, 70, 90 cm (CSA CS616) 2. Soil temperature at 5, 10, 20, 30, 50 cm (CSA 107 temperature probe) |
2012–present |
Phenocams | 1. Timelapse cameras 2. Outdoor Observation and Surveillance Field Camera (CSA CCFC @36 m) |
1. 2012–2018 2. 2021–present (daylight only) |
Tree diameter increment |
Logging Band Dendrometer (ICT DBL60). 7 |
2015–present |
Photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) |
Incoming and reflected PAR (LI-190R Quantum Sensor @36 m) | 2020–present |
Twice yearly | ||
Leaf area index, crown and foliage cover |
Digital cover photography at 10 m grid |
2013–present |
Depth to water table | Sampled from bores at the |
2014–present |
Birdlife Australia bird monitoring | Up to twice yearly surveys across 26 sites on Credo, including core flux site TERN AusPlots. Data collected and managed by Birdlife Australia, using Birdlife Australia 2 ha 20 min standard survey methodology |
2014–2024 |
Litter accumulation | 15 Litter traps in each of four 1 ha plots ( |
2013–present |
Annual | ||
Vegetation composition and structure |
Standard TERN AusPlot vegetation method (White et al. 2012), September each year at |
2013–present |
Occasional | ||
Tree diameter and height | All trees in four TERN AusPlots tagged and measured at least 5 yearly: |
2012–present |
Baseline soil pit and chemical sample | Soil physical and chemical description to 1.4 m | 2012 |
AusPlots soil chemistry samples | Standard TERN AusPlot method (White et al. 2012); samples stored | 2013 |
AustPlots soil biological samples | Standard TERN AusPlot method (White et al. 2012); samples stored | 2013 |
BASE soil biological and chemical samples | Soil chemistry and genomics at 0–10 cm and 20+ cm (data available from Biomes of Australian Soil Environments (BASE) soil microbial diversity database, Bissett et al. (2016) |
2013 |
Leaf physiology | Leaf traits leaf nitrogen, phosphorus, leaf mass-per-area, and photosynthetic parameters on multiple species Bloomfield et al. 2018) | 2013–2014 |
Standardised wood decomposition rate | Pine blocks deployed in 24 months post deployment (Zanne et al. 2022) |
2016–2018 |
Standardised teabag decomposition rate | Decomposition rate measured on two teabag types over 36 months (Keuskamp et al. 2013) |
2018–2021 |
Ant composition | Sampled in |
2011–2012 and 2015 |
Airborne LiDAR coverage | Airborne laser scanning over 5 × 5 km grid centred over flux tower | 2012, 2021 |
TERN: Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network.
aData and meta-data variously available from TERN Data Portal (https://portal.tern.org.au/), as cited, or from the authors.