Journal of Ecology and Environment

Table. 5. Table 5

Analysis of variance of physicochemical and biological soil properties (n = 45)

Factors soil physicochemical properties	F	p-value	Alluvial fan	Hillslope	Alluvial terrace
pH*	12.127	0.001	8.162 ± 0.263^b	8.480 ± 0.072^a	8.716 ± 0.146^a
EC* (μS/cm)	4.917	0.028	171.440 ± 78.670^b	273.168 ± 15.503^a,b	562.606 ± 345.305^a
Soil bulk density* (g/cm³)	18.904	<0.001	1.306 ± 0.080^b	1.658 ± 0.133^b	2.564 ± 0.557^a
Soil water content * (%)	4.571	0.033	145.190 ± 1.600^a	134.120 ± 9.250^b	136.010 ± 5.180^c
Organic matter* (%)	13.189	0.001	2.156 ± 0.986^a	0.714 ± 0.093^b	0.388 ± 0.162^c
Organic carbon* (%)	13.301	0.001	1.238 ± 0.564^a	0.408 ± 0.055^b	0.222 ± 0.091^b
TKN* (%)	142.742	<0.001	0.066 ± 0.001^a	0.035 ± 0.004^b	0.0263 ± 0.005^c
P* (mg/kg)	23.692	<0.001	0.001 ± 0.000^a	0.001 ± 0.000^b	0.000 ± 0.000^c
K* (mg/kg)	28.324	<0.001	0.002 ± 0.000^a	0.002 ± 0.000^b	0.001 ± 0.000^c
Na (mg/kg)	1.322	0.303	0.001 ± 0.003^a	0.001 ± 0.000^a	0.001 ± 0.001^a
CaCO₃* (%)	7.024	0.010	40.700 ± 12.500^a	21.670 ± 3.630^b	37.151 ± 7.020^a
Clay (%)	0.866	0.445	26.400 ± 4.560^a	22.400 ± 8.050^a	22.400 ± 2.610^a
Sand* (%)	7.065	0.009	36.800 ± 5.210^b	52.000 ± 7.350^a	61.200 ± 15.530^a
Silt* (%)	5.205	0.024	36.800 ± 7.150^a	25.600 ± 8.880^a,b	16.400 ± 13.070^b
Aggregate stability* (%)	23.798	<0.001	28.652 ± 27.010^c	92.302 ± 11.360^b	131.684 ± 29.070^a
Total vegetation cover* (%)	19.082	<0.001	16.500 ± 5.950^a	6.500 ± 2.280^b	2.160 ± 1.360^b

Values are presented as mean ± standard deviation.

Analyzed with the two-way ANOVA for Duncan post-hoc test.

*Represent significant at 95% confidence interval or p < 0.05.